QUOTE(Jr @ 19 Sep 2006, 05:46)
Uf... wiki vs moje sjecanje... i ode Wiki dovraga.
Rajski Vodoskoci su
citava knjiga posvecena Svemirskom liftu - koju nisi procitao ni ti ni ni ovaj sto je sarao po enciklopediji.
http://www.sirmium.n...skivo/0001.htmlRajske vodoskoke posedujem u originalu, a citao sam ih i na srpskohrvatskom...
Obrati paznju na cinjenicu da ja nisam porekao da se Rajski Vodoskoci bave svemirskim liftom.
elem..
QUOTE(THE FOUNTAINS OF PARADISE)
by
Arthur C. Clarke
Contents
Foreword
I-THE PALACE
1. Kalidasa
2. Thc Engineer
3. The Fountains
4. Demon Rock
5. Through the Telescope
6. The Artist
7. The God-King's Palace
8. Malgara
9. Filament
10. The Ultimate Bridge
11. The Silent Princess
II-THE TEMPLE
12. Starglider
13. Shadow at Dawn
14. The Education of Starglider
15. Bodhidharma
16. Conversations with Starglider
17. Parakarma
18. The Golden Butterflies
19. By the Shores of Lake Saladin
20. The Bridge that Danced
21. Judgement
III-THE BELL
22. Apostate
23. Moondozer
24. The Finger of God
25. Orbital Roulette
26. The Night Before Vesak
27. Ashoka Station
28. The First Lowering
29. Final Approach
30. The Legions of the King
31. Exodus
IV-THE TOWER
32. Space Express
33. CORA
34. Vertigo
35. Starglider Plus Eighty
36. The Cruel Sky
37. The Billion-Ton Diamond
V-ASCENSION
38. A Place of Silent Storms
39. The Wounded Sun
40. The End of the Line
41. Meteor
42. Death in Orbit
43. Fail-Safe
44. A Cave in the Sky
45. The Man for the Job
46. Spider
47. Beyond the Aurora
48. Night at the Villa
49. A Bumpy Ride
50. The Falling Fireflies
51. On the Porch
52. The Other Passenger
53. Fade-out
54. Theory of Relativity
55. Hard Dock
56. View from the Balcony
57. The Last Dawn
58. Epilogue: Kalidasa's Triumph
Afterword: Sources and Acknowledgments
Foreword
"From Paradise to Taprobane is forty leagues; there may be heard the sound of the Fountains of Paradise."
Traditional: reported by Friar Marignolli (A.D. 1335)
The country I have called Taprobane does not quite exist, but is about ninety percent congruent with the island of Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Though the Afterword will make clear what locations, events and personalities are based on fact, the reader will not go far wrong in assuming that the more unlikely the story, the closer it is to reality.
The name "Taprobane" is now usually spoken to rhyme with "plain", but the correct classical pronunciation is "Tap-ROB-a-nee"
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The Space Elevator
This apparently outrageous concept was first presented to the West in a letter in the issue of Science for 11 February 1966, "Satellite Elongation into a True 'Sky-Hook' ", by John D. Isaacs, Hugh Bradner and George B. Backus of Scripps Institute of Oceanography, and Allyn C. Vine of Wood's Hole Oceanographic Institute. Though it may seem odd that oceanographers should get involved with such an idea, this is not surprising when one realises that they are about the only people (since the great days of barrage balloons) who concern themselves with very long cables hanging under their own weight. (Dr. Allyn Vine's name, incidentally is now immortalised in that of the famous research submersible "Alvin".) It was later discovered that the concept had already been developed six years earlier - and on a much more ambitious scale - by a Leningrad engineer, Y. N. Artsutanov (Komsomolskaya Pravda, 31 July 1960). Artsutanov considered a "heavenly funicular", to use his engaging name for the device, lifting no less than 12,000 tons a day to synchronous orbit. It seems surprising that this daring idea received so little publicity; the only mention I have ever seen of it is in the handsome volume of paintings by Alexei Leonov and Sokolov, The Stars are Awaiting Us (Moscow 1967). One colour plate (page 25) shows the "Space Elevator" in action; the caption reads: ". . . the satellite will, so to say, stay fixed in a certain point in the sky. If a cable is lowered from the satellite to the earth you will have a ready cable-road. An 'Earth-Sputnik-Earth' elevator for freight and passengers can then be built, and it will operate without any rocket propulsion."
Although General Leonov gave me a copy of his book at the Vienna "Peaceful Uses of Space" Conference in 1968, the idea simply failed to register on me - despite the fact that the elevator is shown hovering exactly over Sri Lanka! I probably thought that Cosmonaut Leonov, a noted humorist*, was just having a little joke.
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* Also a superb diplomat. After the Vienna screening he made quite the nicest comment on 2001 I've ever heard: "Now I feel I've been in space twice." Presumably after the Apollo-Soyuz mission he would say "three times".
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The space elevator is quite clearly an idea whose time has come, as is demonstrated by the fact that within a decade of the 1966 Isaacs letter it was independently re-invented at least three times. A very detailed treatment, containing many new ideas, was published by Jerome Pearson of Wright-Paterson Air Force Base in Acta Astronautica for September-October 1975 ("The Orbital Tower; a spacecraft launcher using the Earth's rotational energy"). Dr. Pearson was astonished to hear of the earlier studies, which his computer survey had failed to locate; he discovered them through reading my own testimony to the House of Representatives Space Committee in July 1975. (See The View From Serendip.)
Six years earlier (Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, Vol. 22, pp. 442-457, 1969) A. R. Collar and J. W. Flower had come to essentially the same conclusions in their paper "A (Relatively) Low Altitude 24-hour Satellite". They were looking into the possibility of suspending a synchronous communications satellite far below the natural 36,000 kilometre altitude, and did not discuss taking the cable all the way down to the surface of the earth, but this is an obvious extension of their treatment.
And now for a modest cough. Back in 1963, in an essay commissioned by UNESCO and published in Astronautics for February 1964, "The World of the Communications Satellite" (now available in Voices From the Sky), I wrote: "As a much longer term possibility, it might be mentioned that there are a number of theoretical ways of achieving a low-altitude, twenty-four-hour satellite; but they depend upon technical developments unlikely to occur in this century. I leave their contemplation as an exercise for the student."
The first of these "theoretical ways" was, of course, the suspended satellite discussed by Collar and Flower. My crude back-of-an-envelope calculations, based on the strength of existing materials, made me so sceptical of the whole idea that I did not bother to spell it out in detail. If I had been a little less conservative - or if a larger envelope had been available - I might have been ahead of everyone except Artsutanov himself.
As this book is (I hope) more of a novel than an engineering treatise, those who wish to go into technical details are referred to the now rapidly expanding literature on the subject. Recent examples include Jerome Pearson's "Using the Orbital Tower to Launch Earth-Escape Payloads Daily" (Proceedings of the 27th International Astronautical Federation Congress, October 1976) and a remarkable paper by Hans Moravec, "A Non-Synchronous Orbital Skyhook" (American Astronautical Society Annual Meeting, San Francisco, 18-20 October 1977).
I am much indebted to my friends the late A. V. Cleaver of Rolls-Royce, Dr. Ing. Harry 0. Ruppe, Professor of Astronautics at the Technical University of Munich's Lehrstuhl für Raumfahrttechnic, and Dr. Alan Bond of the Culham Laboratories for their valuable comments on the Orbital Tower. They are not responsible for my modifications.
Walter L. Morgan (no relation to Vannevar Morgan, as far as I know) and Gary Gordon of the COMSAT Laboratories, as well as L. Perek of the United Nations' Outer Space Affairs Division, have provided most useful information on the stable regions of the synchronous orbit; they point out that natural forces (particularly sun-moon effects) would cause major oscillations, especially in the north-south directions. Thus "Taprobane" might not be as advantageous as I have suggested; but it would still be better than anywhere else.
The importance of a high-altitude site is also debatable, and I am indebted to Sam Brand of the Naval Environmental Prediction Research Facility, Monterey, for information on equatorial winds. If it turns out that the Tower could be safely taken down to sea level, then the Maldivian island of Gan (recently evacuated by the Royal Air Force) may be the twenty-second century's most valuable piece of real estate.
Finally, it Seems a very strange - and even scary - coincidence that, years before I ever thought of the subject of this novel, I myself should have unconsciously gravitated (sic) towards its locale. For the house I acquired a decade ago on my favourite Sri Lankan beach (see The Treasure of the Great Reef and The View From Serendip) is at precisely the closest spot on any large body of land to the point of maximum geosynchronous stability.
So in my retirement I hope to watch the other superannuated relics of the Early Space Age, milling around in the orbital Sargasso Sea immediately above my head.
Colombo
1969-1978
And now, one of those extraordinary coincidences I have learned to take for granted.
While correcting the proofs of this novel, I received from Dr. Jerome Pearson a copy of NASA Technical Memorandum TM-75174, "A Space 'Necklace' About the Earth" by G. Polyakov. This is a translation of "Kosmicheskoye 'Ozherel'ye' Zemli", published in Teknika Moloa'ezhi, No 4, 1977, pp. 41-43.
In this brief but stimulating paper, Dr. Polyakov, of the Astrakhan Teaching Institute, describes in precise engineering details Morgan's final vision of a continuous ring around the world. He sees this as a natural extension of the space elevator, whose construction and operation he also discusses in a manner virtually identical with my own treatment.
I salute tovarich Polyakov, and am beginning to wonder if - yet again, I have been too conservative. Perhaps the Orbital Tower may be an achievement of the twenty-first century, not the twenty-second.
Our own grandchildren may demonstrate that - sometimes - Gigantic is Beautiful.
Colombo
18 September 1978
QUOTE(PESME DALEKE ZEMLJE @ Klark Artur)
26. PODIZANJE PAHULJICE
Bio je to posao koji je zahtevao veliku umešnost, ali je imao i duga razdoblja dosađivanja, što je poručniku Ovenu Flečeru pružalo obilje vremena za razmišljanje. Zapravo, previše vremena.
On je bio pecaroš koji je vadio ulov težak šest stotina tona, namotavajući na čekrk najlon gotovo nepojamne snage. Jednom dnevno, samonavodna sonda za hvatanje stala bi da ponire prema Talasi, odmotavajući za sobom kabl koji se spuštao složenom krivom dugačkom trideset hiljada kilometara. Sonda bi se automatski spustila do tovara koji je čekao i pošto bi sve provere bile izvršene otpočelo bi izvlačenje.
Kritični trenuci bili bi prilikom podizanja sa tla, kada se pahuljica odvajala od postrojenja za zamrzavanje, i prilikom približavanja Magelanu, kada je ogroman ledeni heksagon valjalo dovesti u stanje mirovanja na samo kilometar od broda. Podizanje je počinjalo u ponoć, a od Tarne do stacionarne orbite na kojoj se nalazio Magelan trajalo je samo nešto manje od šest sati.
Ukoliko bi prilikom susreta i spajanja Magelan bio sa dnevne strane planete, najvažnija stvar je bila držati pahuljicu u senci, kako snažni zraci talasanskog sunca ne bi isparili u svemir ovaj dragocen tovar. Kada bi se jednom našao u bezbednosti iza velikog štitnika od zračenja, hvataljke robotskih teleoperatera uklonile bi izolirajuću foliju koja je štitila led tokom uspinjanja ka orbiti.
Potom je valjalo odvojiti postolje za podizanje i vratiti ga natrag za novi tovar. Ponekad bi se velika metalna ploča, slična kakvom heksagonalnom poklopcu za tiganj što ga je načinio neki ekscentrični kuvar, zalepila za led, tako da je bilo potrebno pribeći blagom i pažljivo odmerenom zagrevanju da bi se ona odvojila.
Konačno, geometrijski savršen ledeni blok počivao bi nepomično na stotinu metara od Magelana i tada bi počinjao onaj stvarno pipav deo. Kombinacija šest stotina tona mase i nulte sile teže potpuno je izlazila izvan raspona ljudskih instinktivnih reakcija; jedino su kompjuteri mogli odrediti koji su potisci potrebni, u kom pravcu, u kojim trenucima - da bi se veštački ledeni breg postavio na odgovarajuće mesto. Uvek je, međutim, postojala mogućnost da iskrsne neka vanredna situacija ili neki neočekivani problem koji bi nadmašivali mogućnosti čak i najinteligentnijih robota; iako Flečer još nijednom nije morao da interveniše, bio je spreman ako se takva neophodnost pojavi.
Pomažem da se izgradi, reče on u sebi, džinovsko ledeno saće. Prvi sloj saća sada je bio gotovo završen, a onda je trebalo načiniti još dva. Ukoliko ne dođe ni do kakvih nezgoda štitnik će biti gotov kroz sto pedeset dana. Biće isproban pri niskom ubrzanju, kako bi se ustanovilo da li su svi blokovi propisno stopljeni; a onda će se Magelan otisnuti na završnu deonicu svog putovanja ka zvezdama.
Flečer je i dalje savesno obavljao svoj posao - ali samo umom, ne i srcem. Ono je već bilo izgubljeno na Talasi.
Bio je rođen na Marsu i na ovom svetu nalazilo se sve što je nedostajalo njegovoj goloj planeti. Video je kako se sav trud mnogo pokolenja njegovih predaka rastače u plamenu; zašto početi ponovo kroz nekoliko stoleća na jednom drugom svetu - kada je Raj već bio ovde?
A, razume se, dole, na Južnom Ostrvu čekala ga je i jedna devojka...
Gotovo je doneo odluku da kada kucne čas napusti brod. Terani mogu nastaviti bez njega, kako bi traćili snagu i umeće - slomivši pri tom verovatno svoja srca i tela - o tvrdoglavo stenje Segana Dva. Želeo im je svaku sreću; kada bude izvršio svoju dužnost, njegov dom biće ovde.
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ZAHVALNICE
Prvu zamisao o tome da se energije vakuuma mogu upotrebiti za pogonske sisteme izložio je, kako izgleda, Šinići Seike 1969. godine. ('Kvantno električno svemirsko vozilo'; Osmi simpozijum o svemirskoj tehnologiji i nauci, Tokio.)
Deset godina kasnije H. D. Froning iz firme 'McDonnell Douglas Astronautics' istupio je sa tom idejom na Konferenciji o međuzvezdanim studijama, koju je septembra 1979. priredilo u Londonu Britansko međuplanetno društvo, a zatim je o tome objavio i dva referata: 'Pogonske potrebe za kvantni međuzvezdani sabirnik' (JBIS, tom 33, 1980) i 'Istraživanje kvantnog sabirnika za međuzvezdani let' (AIAA Preprint 81-1534, 1981).
Ukoliko se zanemare nebrojeni izumitelji neodređenih 'svemirskih pogona', prvi autor koji je tu zamisao upotrebio u jednom proznom delu bio je dr Čarls Šefild, naučnik, upravnik Zemaljske sateliske korporacije; on je raspravljao o teorijskoj osnovi 'kvantnog pogona' (ili, kako ga je on nazvao, 'vakuumski energetski pogon') u romanu Makendruovi letopisi (časopis Analog, 1981; Tor, 1983).
Prema neosporno naivnom proračunu Ričarda Fejnmena, svaki kubni centimetar vakuuma sadrži dovoljno energije da proključaju svi okeani Zemlje. Shodno proceni Džona Vilera, međutim, reč je o vrednosti koja je pukih sedamdeset devet redova veličine veća. Kada se dvojica vodećih svetskih fizičara razilaze za jednu takvu tričariju kao što je sedamdeset devet nula, nama ostalima može se oprostiti izvesna skeptičnost; ali, posredi je u svakom slučaju zanimljiva zamisao da vakuum u običnoj sijalici sadrži dovoljno energije da uništi Galaksiju... a možda, uz malo dodatnog napora, i Kosmos.
U referatu koji bi lako mogao postati istorijski ('Dobijanje električne energije iz vakuuma kohezijom naelektrisanih lisnatih provodnika', Physical Review, tom 30B, pp. 1700-1702, 15. avgusta 1984) dr Robert L. Forvord iz 'Hughes Research Labs' pokazao je da bi se bar majušni deo te energije mogao ukrotiti. Ukoliko bi je ma ko osim pisaca naučne fantastike mogao upregnuti u neki pogonski sistem, istog časa bili bi rešeni čisto inženjerijski problemi međuzvezdanog - ili čak međugalaktičkog - leta.
Ali, možda i neće. Izuzetno sam zahvalan dr Alenu Bondu na njegovoj podrobnoj matematičkoj analizi zaštite neophodne za misiju opisanu u ovom romanu, kao i na ustanovljenju da je zatupasta kupa najpogodniji oblik za tu svrhu. Može se lako ispostaviti da će ograničavajući činilac veoma brzog međuzvezdanog leta biti ne energija, već ablacija zaštitne mase zrncima prašine i njeno isparavanje pod dejstvom protona.
Istorija i teorija 'svemirskog lifta' može se naći u mom referatu na Trinaestom kongresu Međunarodne astronautičke federacije (Minhen, 1979): "Svemirski lift: 'Misaoni eksperiment' ili ključ za svemir?" (Objavljeno u Razvoj zemaljskih vidova primene svemirske tehnologije, tom I, No 1, 1981, pp. 39-48 i Uspon na orbitu; Hohn Wiley, 1984). O istoj zamisli reč je takođe u romanu Rajski vodoskoci (Del Rey, Gollanz, 1978).
Prvi eksperiment u ovom smislu, koji se odnosio na spuštanje tereta kroz atmosferu na 'užetu za sapinjanje' iz svemirskog šatla, trebalo bi da počne u vreme kada ovaj roman bude objavljen.
Dugujem izvinjenje Džimu Balardu i Dž. T. Frejzeru što sam pozajmio naslov njihova dva veoma različita dela za završno poglavlje mog romana.
Posebnu zahvalnost dugujem Dijavadane Nilameu i njegovim ljudima iz Hrama Zuba, u Kandiju, zato što su me ljubazno pozvali na sabor Relikvije u vreme nevolja.
Space elevatorQUOTE
Lijevo vs desno
Opet ponavljam, tacno da on vrlo hrabro ulazi u rasprave o postojanju boga i idealnom drustvu ali zavrsni udaras pusti da bude zadat desnicom. Isto kao u zivotu, prvo si ljevicar jer imas srce, pa onda desnicar jer imas pamet.
Zasto pominjes zadavanje udarca od strane desnice kao kljucnu tacku romana? Roman "Pesme daleke zemlje", kao i ostala Klakova dela se prvenstveno bavi prvim kontaktom, u ovom slucaju izmedju "ljudi" i ljudi i izmedju novorodjene inteligencije i coveka. To je u biti levicarska ideja, ideja koegzistencije razlicitosti.
Btw. procitaj knjigu "PRVI KONTAKT" Zorana Živkovića.
